Pattachitra is an ancient art form practised for over a thousand years in the state of Odisha in India. The name "Pattachitra" is derived from the Sanskrit words "Patta" (cloth) and "Chitra" (painting). These paintings are known for their detailed depiction of gods, goddesses, folktales and religious themes. This art form is closely associated with the Jagannath Temple in Puri, Odisha, where paintings of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra are made by artists known as “Chitrakars”.
Technique and Materials
Dried palm leaves, silk, or cotton cloth is prepared with tamarind seed paste to make it stiff. It is coated with a mixture of chalk powder and tamarind seed gum to make it smooth. Brushes are made from animal hair, bamboo or twigs. Artists sketch the design using a pencil or charcoal. The painting is outlined with fine black lines and filled with bright colors. It is executed primarily in profile with highly elongated eyes within a floral border. There are few landscapes. Scenes are depicted closely juxtaposed in the foreground. Colors are extracted from minerals, stones and plants - e.g. white from Conch shells, black from lamp soot, red from Hingula (cinnabar), yellow from Haritala (a yellow mineral), blue & green from Indigo and plant extracts. Finally, a lacquer coating is applied to protect the artwork and enhance its shine.
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