Kerala mural painting has its roots in ancient traditions, characterized by vibrant colors, intricate storytelling, and deep cultural significance with influences from early Dravidian art forms and religious rituals. Murals in the Thirunandikkara Temple and Tiruvanchikulam Temple (modern day Tamil Nadu near the Kerala border) are recognized as some of the oldest Keral murals dating back to the 10th century. Temples like the Vadakkunnathan Temple and Padmanabhaswamy Temple (Trivandrum, Kerala) house masterpieces depicting Hindu epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Technique and Method
The wall is prepared using a mix of sand and lime, followed by a smooth layer of plaster. Artists apply multiple washes with quick lime and coconut juice for a durable surface. Traditional murals utilize natural pigments derived from plants and local minerals. Notable colors include red (laterite), yellow (laterite), black (soot), white (lime) and green (plant extracts). Binding agents like tender coconut water and neem leaves ensure adherence. Brushes are fashioned from animal hair. Artists focus on revealing depth through shading and intricate detailing. The use of color in murals is symbolically significant - green for divine beings, red for material wealth and black for evil.
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